UTICA SHALE » Age: 443 million to 488 million years old » Depth: 2,700 to 12,000 feet. In eastern Ohio, it's about 7,000 to 10,000 feet below the surface.
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UTICA SHALE » Age: 443 million to 488 million years old » Depth: 2,700 to 12,000 feet. In eastern Ohio, it's about 7,000 to 10,000 feet below the surface. » Geography: 170,000 square miles, including parts of Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, New York, Tennessee and Canada, according to the U.S. Geological Survey » What it is: In the Ordovician geologic period, Ohio would have been a much different place. Think tropical. From a summary by the Ohio Geological Survey: "A warm, shallow sea (deeper in eastern Ohio) similar to the Bahamas, covered Ohio." As the oceans receded, the soil at that time would have become clay. With time and under the pressure caused by new layers of earth on top of it, the clay would combine with other minerals to become shale, which is characterized by tiny cracks -- fissures -- that split it into thin layers, according to Geology.com. Trapped between the thin layers is oil and natural gas. Jeff Daniels, a geophysicist at Ohio State University, said, "Shale is the origin of it all." Some gas migrated upward to porous sandstones -- such as the Clinton and Berea sandstones, more traditional sources of natural gas in Ohio -- before the maturing shale became impermeable, Daniels said. There the oil and gas remained locked until people began tapping into the formation, which started in Ohio in 1982, according to a state well database.
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UTICA SHALE » Age: 443 million to 488 million years old » Depth: 2,700 to 12,000 feet. In eastern Ohio, it's about 7,000 to 10,000 feet below the surface. » Geography: 170,000 square miles, including parts of Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, New York, Tennessee and Canada, according to the U.S. Geological Survey » What it is: In the Ordovician geologic period, Ohio would have been a much different place. Think tropical. From a summary by the Ohio Geological Survey: "A warm, shallow sea (deeper in eastern Ohio) similar to the Bahamas, covered Ohio." As the oceans receded, the soil at that time would have become clay. With time and under the pressure caused by new layers of earth on top of it, the clay would combine with other minerals to become shale, which is characterized by tiny cracks -- fissures -- that split it into thin layers, according to Geology.com. Trapped between the thin layers is oil and natural gas. Jeff Daniels, a geophysicist at Ohio State University, said, "Shale is the origin of it all." Some gas migrated upward to porous sandstones -- such as the Clinton and Berea sandstones, more traditional sources of natural gas in Ohio -- before the maturing shale became impermeable, Daniels said. There the oil and gas remained locked until people began tapping into the formation, which started in Ohio in 1982, according to a state well database. » Estimated recoverable gas/oil: The state's head of geology speculated that there could be up to 15.7 trillion cubic feet in Ohio's share of the Utica shale, enough at current consumption rates to meet state demand for more than 21 years. The amount of oil estimated inside, 5.5 billion barrels, could by itself satisfy the entire Midwest's thirst for three years.
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Ohio's shale deposits hold potential for oil, gas, jobs - Fremont News Messenger